老年慢性心力衰竭患者流感疫苗接种的临床观察

Clinical Observation of Influenza Vaccination in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

目的研究对老年慢性心力衰竭患者接种流感疫苗的临床疗效。方法本文于本院慢性心力衰竭老年患者中随机选取50例,分成两组,对照组接受心力衰竭药物治疗,观察组在药物治疗基础上接种流感疫苗,随访1年,比较两组再发上呼吸道感染、肺部感染、心衰加重及再次住院情况。结果经本文研究,对照组上呼吸道感染19例(76%),肺部感染12例(48%),水肿加重15例(60%),人均再住院次数(4.16±2.23)次。观察组上呼吸道感染7例(28%),肺部感染8例(32%),水肿加重7例(28%),人均再住院次数(2.24±1.25)次。与对照组对比,差异显著(P<0.05)。对照组死亡3例(12%)。观察组死亡4例(16%),死亡与疫苗接种无关,两组无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组局部红肿2例(8%),有硬结3例(12%),无其他不良反应,1周内可逐渐消退,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对老年慢性心力衰竭患者接种流感疫苗,可有效减少上呼吸道感染造成的住院,降低肺部感染发生概率,提高病情稳定性,让老年患者能够预防病情反复发作,提高患者生存质量。

Objective To study the clinical effect of influenza vaccine on elderly patients with chronic heart failure.Methods 50 elderly patients with chronic heart failure were randomly selected and divided into two groups.The control group was treated with heart failure drugs.The observation group was vaccinated with influenza vaccine on the basis of drug treatment and followed up for one year to compare the recurrence of upper respiratory tract infection,pulmonary infection,heart failure aggravation and readmission of the two groups.Results in the control group,19 cases(76%)had upper respiratory tract infection,12 cases(48%)had pulmonary infection,15 cases(60%)had edema aggravation,and the average number of rehospitalization was(4.16±2.23).In the observation group,there were 7 cases(28%)of upper respiratory tract infection,8 cases(32%)of pulmonary infection,7 cases(28%)of edema aggravation and 2.24±1.25 times of rehospitalization per capita.Compared with the control group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Three cases(12%)died in the control group.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).In the observation group,there were 2 cases(8%)of local redness and swelling,3 cases(12%)of induration,and no other adverse reactions,which could gradually subside within one week without statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusion influenza vaccination for elderly patients with chronic heart failure can effectively reduce the hospitalization caused by upper respiratory tract infection,reduce the probability of pulmonary infection,improve the stability of the condition,enable the elderly patients to prevent repeated attacks and improve the quality of life of the patients.