摘要
诺曼征服后,英格兰社会出现三种文字共用现象:王室及政府机构撰写文书使用法文和拉丁文,教会使用拉丁文,民众使用英文。13世纪初,诺曼贵族失去法国领地后,社会语境发生显著变化。英语、法语的使用范围及功能随之发生或快或慢的变化。法语曾一直被认为是英格兰议会撰写重要文书的最佳语言,直至15世纪20年代,几乎所有的请愿书还使用法语。然而到15世纪中叶,英格兰议会重要文书使用英语已非常普遍,到中世纪晚期英语逐渐上升为英格兰的官方语言。
England began to witness trilingualism after the Norman Conquest:the Crown and government used French and Latin,the Church used Latin while the populace used English.However,the social linguistic context changed considerably after the Norman nobility lost their land in France in the early 13th century.Henceforth,there were uneven fluctuations as to where English and French were used and how they functioned as an official language.French had been regarded as the most appropriate language for important parliamentary rolls in England and almost all the parliamentary petitions were written in French till the 1420s.Nevertheless,English was frequently adopted in parliamentary writings in the mid-15th century and rose to be the official language in late medieval England.
出处
《经济社会史评论》
CSSCI
2020年第2期51-60,128,共11页
Economic and Social History Review
基金
2019年国家社科基金重点项目“德意志中世纪经济社会史”(19ASS001)的阶段性成果。
