侧折流器对突扩突跌掺气减蚀的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Lateral Deflector on Gas Expansion and Corrosion Reduction of Sudden Enlargement and Bottom Drop

突扩突跌式掺气可较好的解决高水头深孔闸门面临的问题,即高速水流下的空化问题和闸门止水问题。但由于多数深孔闸门水头高、流速大,运行安全隐患多,突扩突跌式掺气减蚀设施在应用过程中也出现了不少问题。因此,实际工程应用中对弧门突跌突扩式掺气减蚀设施进行了大量水工模型试验、原型观测,并从两侧突扩宽度、跌坎高度、增设侧掺气坎等方面进行优化研究。以江坪河水电站工程泄洪放空洞弧形工作门突扩突跌式门槽水力学减压模型试验为依托,从水流流态、动水压力以及水流空化特性等方面,对比分析折流器对突扩突跌式掺气减蚀的影响。

The type of the sudden enlargement and bottom drop could be a better solution for the high-head deep outlets when encountering problems such as cavitation under high-speed flow and gate sealing. Since most of the deep outlets are operating under conditions involving high head and high speed, many problems are presented during the application of this type. A large number of hydraulic model tests and prototype observation have be done to the sudden enlargement and bottom drop facilities for gates in practical engineering applications, and then the optimization studies are carried out from the aspects of the bilateral sudden enlarged width, the height of drop still and the added side aerators. Based on the hydraulic model test of the discharge outlets of Jiangpinghe Hydropower Station, the impact of lateral deflector on the aeration preventing cavitation are analyzed by comparing the flow pattern, dynamic water pressure and cavitation characteristics.