严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2的潜在致病机制

Potential pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引起的、被世界卫生组织命名为2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的出现,对公众健康构成了严重威胁。值得注意的是,COVID-19在全球范围内迅速传播,全球累计确诊病例已超500万例。目前迫切需要研究SARS-CoV-2的致病机制,并制订有效的治疗策略来控制疫情。SARS-CoV-2的刺突(S)蛋白介导病毒进入靶细胞,其中S1亚基与细胞受体结合,S2亚基介导病毒和宿主膜融合。血管紧张素转化酶2(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2,ACE2)是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus,SARS-CoV)的细胞受体,现被认为也介导COVID-19。本篇综述详细介绍目前学界对S蛋白与ACE2在病毒感染过程中的相互作用,以及SARS-CoV-2的潜在致病机制的理解,对探究SARS-CoV-2的治疗策略具有重要意义。

The emergence of novel coronavirus pneumonia which was named as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by the World Health Organization,caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has posed a serious threat to public health.Notably,COVID-19 has rapidly spread around the world and large amount of people have been infected.There is imminent need to investigate the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and develop effective therapeutic strategies to contain the epidemic.The spike(S)protein of SARS-CoV-2 mediates viral entry into target cells,with S1 subunit binding to a cellular receptor and S2 subunit fusing viral and host membranes.Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),previously known as a cell receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV),is putatively responsible for mediating COVID-19.In this review,we detail our current understanding of the interaction between S protein and ACE2 in the process of virus infection and the potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2,which has critical implications for exploring the potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.