小学数学逻辑推理教学的个案研究——以“图形的面积和周长探索”为例

A case study of logical reasoning teaching in primary schools:taking"area and perimeter exploration of graphics"as an example

为了在小学数学教学中更好地落实数学核心素养之一的逻辑推理能力的培养,以Toulmin论证模式作为理论依据,采用质性研究方法,对一个教学案例进行剖析,进而提炼出培养逻辑推理能力的小学数学课堂至少需要关注的4个方面:为学生经历数学推理论证全过程提供机会;为学生提出证据支持或反驳猜想提供空间;为学生持续参与高水平的推理论证活动提供支持;为学生实现不同类型推理间的过渡提供载体.因此,在逻辑推理能力的培养中,搭建推理论证活动的机会与空间,提供有助于推理论证活动展开的脚手架等显得极为重要.

In order to improve students′logical reasoning,one of the key competency of mathematics in primary school,a teaching case of mathematics from primary school was analyzed based on Toulmin′s argument pattern as the theoretical basis.Four characteristics were extracted from the case to develop students′logical reasoning:providing opportunities to students to experience the whole process of mathematical reasoning;providing opportunities to students to show evidence to support or rebut conjectures;providing support for students to continue participate in high-level reasoning activities;providing carrier for students to obtain transitions between different types of reasoning.Therefore,in order to improve students′logical reasoning,it was regarded extremely important to build the opportunity and space of reasoning activities,and provide scaffolding for reasoning activities.