基于感知价值理论的农户宅基地有偿退出决策行为研究——以安徽省金寨县典型试点区为例

Farmers’homestead exit behavior based on perceived value theory:A case of Jinzhai County in Anhui Province

在城乡建设用地双扩背景下,宅基地有偿退出是提高农村建设用地利用效率的重要手段,而农户主体的决策行为是宅基地有偿退出政策得以实施的关键。本文立足农户微观视角,以安徽省金寨县为例,基于感知价值理论构建农户宅基地退出感知价值权衡模型,分析农户感知价值对其宅基地退出决策行为的影响。结果表明:①农户参与宅基地退出行为遵循“感知价值→退出意愿→决策行为”的路径模式,感知价值是农户具有宅基地退出意愿和决策行为的基础,退出意愿是产生实际退出行为的主要动力,农户感知利益对感知价值和退出意愿具有正向影响,感知风险对感知价值和退出意愿具有负向影响;②农户在宅基地退出过程中是“风险规避者”,政策制度会促使农户的退出意愿转化为实际退出行为;③农户的宅基地退出行为兼具“主动性”和“诱导性”双重行动逻辑,“诱导性”行为效用高于“主动性”行为效用,表明“诱导性”行为逻辑占主导地位。因此,提出维护农户宅基地退出的权益、加大对宅基地退出政策的支持力度等2个建议,以确保宅基地退出工作的顺利开展。

In the context of urban and rural construction land expansion,the paid withdrawal of homestead is important to improve the efficiency of rural construction land use,and the decisionmaking behavior of farmers is the key to the policy implementation of paid withdrawal of homestead.Based on the perspective of farmers and taking Jinzhai County in Anhui Province as an example,this study constructed a tradeoff model of perceived value of homestead withdrawal based on the theory of perceived value,and analyzed the impact of perceived value of farmers on their decision-making behavior in the process of homestead withdrawal.The results show that:(1)Farmers’participation in the withdrawal of homestead follows the path of perceived value→willingness to withdraw→decision-making behavior.Perceived value is the basis of farmers’willingness to withdraw from homestead and decision-making behavior,the willingness to withdraw is the main driving force for the actual withdrawal behavior,farmers’perceived benefits have a positive impact on perceived value and willingness to withdraw,and perceived risk has a negative impact on perceived value and willingness to withdraw;(2)Farmers are“risk averse”in the process of the withdraw of homestead,but the policy system will promote farmers’willingness to withdraw into the actual withdrawal behavior;(3)The surveyed farmers showed the dual action logic of“initiative”and“inducement,”and the effect of“inducement”behavior is higher than“initiative,”indicating that“inducement”behavior logic is dominant.Therefore,this article put forward two suggestions to ensure the smooth development and pilot promotion of homestead exit:safeguarding the rights and interests of farmers’homestead exit;and increasing the support for the policy of homestead exit.