具有动态属性的聚轮烷在膜领域应用进展

Application of polyrotaxane with dynamic property in membrane field

聚轮烷独特的超分子结构和动态属性引起科学家极大的关注,其在膜领域也具有重要应用潜力,国内外已有系列报道。本文介绍了分子机器的发展、膜分离技术、聚轮烷的概念和制备方法、聚轮烷改性膜的种类和性质,综述了聚轮烷在膜领域的应用进展,特别是其在抗污染膜、吸附功能膜、离子传导膜、油水分离膜构建及性能提升等方面的研究进展,总结了聚轮烷的动态结构在膜及膜分离过程中的功能作用,分析了聚轮烷改性膜的分离性能和分离机理,结果说明了具有自移动结构的聚轮烷超分子功能体在改善膜性能方面(如提高膜的亲水性、通量、抗污染性能、吸附性能、传导性能、力学性能等)具有独特优势。本文最后对聚轮烷改性膜的发展前景及未来趋势进行了分析。

The unique supramolecular structure and dynamic properties of polyrotaxane have attracted great attention from scientists.It also has important application potential in membrane field,and there have been a series of reports.This paper introduced the development of molecular machine,membrane separation technology,the classification and fabrication of PR-based membranes.The latest background and application progress of PR-based membranes in membrane fields were also presented,including antifouling property,adsorption,ionic conduction,oil/water separation and so on.The separation performance and mechanism of PR-based membranes were discussed.The function of the dynamic structure in membrane and membrane separation were also discussed.The combination of PR and polymers membrane was beneficial for the improvement of membrane properties such as hydrophilicity,water flux,rejection rate antifouling property,adsorption performance,conductivity and mechanical performance.At the end,the challenges and future prospective of PR in membrane field were proposed.