高温质子交换膜燃料电池性能衰减机理与缓解策略——第一部分:关键材料

Degradation mechanism and mitigation strategy of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells--partⅠ:materials

高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFC)具有耐CO毒化能力强、水热管理简单、能量利用率高等优点,但同时高温酸性环境也使其面临着耐久性不足的问题。针对该问题,本文分别概述了HT-PEMFC中质子交换膜、气体扩散电极、双极板以及密封件等四种电池组件的常用材料的物理化学特性,并系统地总结了近些年关于HTPEMFC各组件性能衰减过程的机理、危害、影响因素以及相应缓解策略的研究进展。最后对HT-PEMFC未来的发展进行了展望,其中开发高强度轻薄双极板和高耐久性密封件、优化电堆成本以及探索新型电解质膜体系等研究方向有望成为未来该领域内的研究重点。

The high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell(HT-PEMFC)has the advantages of strong resistance to CO poisoning,simple water and heat management,and high energy utilization.However,the high temperature and acid environment also makes it face the problem of insufficient durability.In response to this problem,this article generally summarized the physical and chemical characteristics of common materials for the proton exchange membranes,gas diffusion electrodes,bipolar plates,and seals in HT-PEMFC,and systematically summarized the research progress on the mechanism,hazards,influencing factors and corresponding mitigation strategies of those components performance degradation in recent years.Finally,the future development of HT-PEMFC was prospected.Developing high-strength lightweight bipolar plates and high-durability seals,optimizing the cost of the stack,and exploring new electrolyte membrane systems were expected to become the focus research directions in this field.