混合基质膜在碳捕集领域的研究进展

Advances of mixed matrix membrane for CO2 capture

膜分离技术因其低成本、低能耗及高效率的优势被认为是最具有前景的碳捕集技术之一。混合基质膜结合了有机材料与无机材料两方面的优势,是同时提升渗透性和选择性的有效手段。本文从气体在混合基质膜中的传递机制出发,以常见的无孔型与多孔型无机填料为基础,总结了近年来混合基质膜在二氧化碳捕集领域的研究进展,介绍了不同类型的填料在高分子基质中所起到的微结构调节作用,并着重阐述了在混合基质膜制备过程中无机填料与高分子基质之间所存在的相容性问题及其解决方法。最后,提出混合基质膜应在继续致力于填料结构设计、填料分散、构效关系等方面的同时,加强二维填料、微囊填料和促进传递机制等方面的研究。

Membrane separation technology has been considered as the most promising one for CO2 capture due to its low capital cost,low energy consumption and high efficiency.Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs),combining the advantages of organic polymer with inorganic materials,are perceived as one of the effective means to enhance permeability and selectivity simultaneously.Based on the two gas transport mechanisms,this review summarized the progresses in CO2 separation MMMs in terms of nonporous and porous inorganic filler materials.The roles of fillers in tuning the membrane microstructures were elucidated.The compatibility between the polymer matrix and the inorganic filler was discussed and the corresponding solutions were emphasized.In future,filler structure design,filler dispersion,and structure-properties relationship should continue to be studied,while more attentions should be focused on two-dimensional fillers,microcapsule fillers and facilitated transport.