依附论视域下地方本科高校产教融合的困境与超越

The Dilemma and Transcendence of the Integration of Industry and Education in Local Undergraduate Universities from the Perspective of Dependence Theory

作为产业与教育交互形成的发展共同体,产教融合是统筹推进教育综合改革的重要制度安排。地方本科高校通过产教融合破除教育与产业关系魔咒,化解所面临的与政府、社会组织和市场边界不清、政策落地不实、协同机制不畅等现实困境。地方本科高校在目标定位、人才培养和教师队伍等方面对"有影响力的"中心大学--"双一流"大学建设高校的依附短期很难改变。破解制约地方本科高校产教融合障碍应建立"清单机制",赋权社会组织,开展产教融合型企业认证,强化企业重要主体作用,将产教融合校企"一条线"升级为政府、企业与学校组成的"铁三角",推动制度供给落地,打通产教融合"最后一公里",形成政府、企业、学校、行业、社会协同推进的工作格局。对于地方本科高校来说,应聚焦立德树人根本任务,推进治理体系和治理能力现代化,借助中心大学力量,深化人才培养供给侧和"引企入教"改革,完善学校和企业"双主体"办学、教师和工程师"双岗位"聘任、学生和学徒"双身份"的应用型人才培养模式,构建产教融合共商、共建、共享的责任共同体、利益共同体、发展共同体。

As a development mode formed in the interaction of industry and education,the integration of industry and education is an important institutional arrangement to promote the comprehensive reform of education as a whole.Such integration is used by local undergraduate colleges and universities to break the curse on the relationship between education and industry and to resolve some practical difficulties,such as the unclear boundary with the government,social organization and market,the false landing of policies and the poor coordination mechanism.For the short term,it is difficult to change the attachment of local undergraduate universities to"influential"central universities--double first-class universities--in target orientation,talent training and teachers’team.So,it is necessary to set up a"list mechanism",empower social organizations,carry out certification of integrated enterprises,strengthen the major role of enterprises,upgrade the"one line"of integrated schools and enterprises to the"iron triangle"of government,enterprises and schools,so as to push the system supply to the ground,break through the"last kilometer"of integration of industry and education,and form cooperative promotion pattern that involves government,enterprises,schools,enterprises and society.For local undergraduate colleges and universities,we should focus on the fundamental task of"people and virtue cultivation"and promote the modernization of governance system and governance ability.With the help of the strength of central universities,we should deepen the reform of the supply side of talent training and"introducing enterprises into education",perfect the application-oriented talent training mode,namely,"double subject"for schools and enterprises,"double post"for teachers and engineers,"double status"for students and apprentices,and construct a community of responsibility,interests and development for the integration of production and education.