“满洲中心观”的幻觉及其破灭——评罗友枝的《清代宫廷社会史》

The Illusion of“Manchu-centered View”and Its Disillusionment:A Comment on The Last Emperors:A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions by Evelyn S.Rawski

罗友枝的《清代宫廷社会史》一书,是美国“新清史”流派的代表作之一。该书在反“汉化论”观念的指引下,力图通过发掘清朝的满洲族性,来构建一种“满洲中心观”。然而,该书的实证论述多有粗疏之处,并非一部扎实规范的史学著作。作者对意识形态的强烈关怀,是导致其偏离正常学术规范的根本原因。

The Last Emperors:A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions,written by Evelyn S.Rawski,is one of the representative works of the school of the new Qing history in the United States.Guided by the concept of“anti-sinicization”,the book tries to establish a“Manchu-centered View”by exploring the Manchu nationality in the Qing Dynasty.However,this book is not a solid and normative historical work because its empirical discussion is quite rough and weak.The author’s strong concern for ideology is the root cause of its deviation from normal academic norms.