家禽应激性免疫抑制研究新策略

A New Strategy for Study on Stress-induced Immunosuppression in Poultry

家禽养殖业的迅速发展和生产管理的高度集约化,导致家禽生产应激的因素越来越多。适度应激可以提高动物免疫力,过度应激则会影响它们的生长发育以及免疫功能,导致应激诱导免疫抑制(stress-induced immunosuppression,SIS),易感各种疾病,甚至死亡。长期以来,科研工作者和家禽生产者虽然针对生产应激的防治做了大量的研究和实践工作,但仍无法从根本上解决这一难题。近年来,主要畜禽品种基因组测序的接连完成,以及各种基于高通量测序组学技术的不断涌现,为科学工作者研究家禽应激反应机理以及发现和挖掘抗应激基因提供了新的思路。在蛋白质水平及转录组水平深入解析家禽应激性免疫抑制相关分子调控机制,挖掘免疫调控关键基因,可为筛选家禽应激反应的科学防治以及抗应激新品种相关分子标记提供科学理论依据。文章对转录组测序技术以及蛋白组学技术在家禽应激性免疫抑制研究中的应用进行了讨论。对家禽生产和抗逆育种具有重要的指导意义。

With the rapid development of poultry breeding industry and the highly intensive production management,more and more stress factors have appeared in the production process.Moderate stress can promote the body's immunity,but excessive stress will not only affect the growth but also affect the animal's immune function,leading to stress-induced immunosuppression(SIS),disease,and even death.For a long time,researchers and poultry producers have conducted research and practice in the prevention and control of production pressure,but they have not fundamentally solved this problem.In recent years,the completion of the genome sequencing for major livestock and poultry varieties and the emergence of various high-throughput sequencing omics techniques develops,it provides a new idea for scientists to study the mechanism of poultry stress response and discover and excavate anti-stress genes.To further analyze the molecular regulatory mechanism of stress immunosuppression in poultry at protein and transcriptome level,and to identify key genes of immune regulation,it can provide scientific and theoretical basis for screening scientific prevention of poultry stress response and molecular markers related to anti-stress new varieties of poultry.The article discusses the application of transcriptome sequencing technology and proteomics technology in poultry stress immunosuppression studies.It has important guiding significance for anti-stress breeding and production of poultry.