除草剂复配对海南高粱田杂草防除效果及安全性评价

Weed control efficacy and safety evaluation of different herbicide mixture application in Sorghum fields of Hainan Province

[目的]探究不同除草剂复配对高粱田杂草防控效果和对高粱幼苗的损伤程度进行综合评价。[方法]采用5种除草剂处理在海南地区进行了杂草防效及对高粱幼苗安全性评价试验。[结果]莠去津、二氯喹啉酸、氯吡嘧磺隆复配(H1+H2+H3)和莠去津、二氯喹啉酸、氯吡嘧磺隆、二甲四氯(H1+H2+H3+H4)复配可综合防除禾本科、莎草科和阔叶科杂草,株数防效可达87%以上,干物重总防效均可达88%以上。同时这2种除草剂处理对幼苗损伤相对较小,伤苗率均低于10%,减少幼苗叶绿素和干物重的下降幅度,缓解杂草对高粱产量的影响。[结论]此2种除草剂处理可有效解决海南地区高粱田杂草为害问题,而莠去津、二氯喹啉酸、氯吡嘧磺隆复配(H1+H2+H3)节药减污,可作为海南高粱田杂草防除的重要技术参考。

[Objective]IThe purpose of present study was to explore the herbicide efficacy and crop safety of the different mixtures of several herbicides when applied in the sorghum fields[Methods]Five herbicide combinations were produced with four different herbicides.The mixtures were sprayed at field rate,and tape water was served as control group.The plant numbers of both weeds and sorghum seedlings were checked at certain time intervals to test the injury level of different mixtures.The biomass and yield of crops were measured to determine the impact of herbicide mixtures on the growth of crops.[Results]The results showed that both the mixture of atrazine,quinclorac,and chlorpyrifossulfonate(H1+H2+H3)and the mixture of atrazine,quinclorac,chloropyrazine,and dimethyltetrachloride(H1+H2+H3+H4)comprehensively inhibited the growth rate of gramineae,cyperaceae and broadleaf weeds.The weed plant number was reduced more than 87%,and the inhibition rate of weed biomass reached up to 88%.At the same time,the mentioned two mixtures produced relatively weak injury on crop seedlings,and the injury rates were less than 10%for both mixtures.Besides,two mixtures alleviated the negative impacts of weeds on the content of chlorophyll,dry weight of crop seedlings,and sorghum yield.[Conclusion]The application of mentioned two mixtures could effectively solve the weed problem in sorghum fields,and the combination of atrazine,quinclorac,and closulfuron-methy(l H1+H2+H3)could be used as a weed control strategy in sorghum fields of Hainan.