汉英习语变异构式的理据研究:隐喻-转喻连续统新释

The study of motivations for idiomatic variants:On the metaphor-metonymy continuum

在网络和社会发展的新时期,习语被赋予了许多新颖的形式和用法,从而演化、衍生出诸多变体。本文基于自建汉英习语变体的小型语料库,提出隐喻和转喻是习语变体构式新创意义生成与理解的重要理据,这两种理据也是变体构式识解机制的重要组成部分。我们发现汉英习语变体构式的隐喻和转喻理据往往形成一个前后有序的连续统,显然其边界并非泾渭分明、明确清晰。汉英差异在于隐、转喻互动关系的类型,汉语习语变体多呈现一种类型的互动关系,即隐喻中的转喻,而英语习语变体则呈现两种类型的互动关系,即源自转喻的隐喻和隐喻中的转喻。此外,汉语习语变体隐喻-转喻连续统中,转喻多现于源域,而在英语习语变体中,转喻也常现于靶域。

As the new era sees rapid development of internet technology and human society,idioms undertake constant modification and evolution,and see multitudinous variations created by language users.Based on a self-built corpus of Chinese and English data,this paper puts forward that both metaphor and metonymy are important motivations for the emergent meaning of idiomatic variants,and important components of the construal mechanism of the variant constructions.We find that metaphor and metonymy tend to form an orderly continuum,the boundary of which is definitely not distinct and explicit.We observe that in this linguistic phenomenon,the difference between Chinese and English lies in the types of interaction of metaphor and metonymy.Type I interaction,i.e.metaphor from metonymy is much observed in Chinese idiomatic variants,while beside type I interaction,type II,i.e.metonymy within metaphor can also be observed in English data.Furthermore,in metaphor-metonymy continuum for Chinese data,metonymy appears more in source domain,while in English data,it is also observed in target domain.