露天煤矿开采区生态环境要素响应分析

Response Analysis of Ecological Environment Factors in Open Pit Mining Area

为探究露天煤矿开采区地下水和土壤环境2个生态环境要素的关系,对伊敏露天煤矿区的地下水和土壤指标进行了现场勘测,重点分析了地下水水位、酸碱度(pH)以及溶解性固体总量(TDS)与土壤环境的变化响应特征。结果表明:(1)煤矿开采使得地下水水位不断降低,以采坑为中心向四周辐射的影响程度在逐渐减弱;(2)随着地下水位的增加,土壤含水率、含盐量以及有机质均增大,反之则反;(3)地下水pH值越高,土壤含水率越低,含盐量和有机质含量越高;(4)地下水TDS值越高的区域,土壤含水率和含盐量越低,有机质的含量越高。研究成果对于矿区生态环境的保护与恢复具有一定的指导意义。

In order to explore the relationship between the groundwater and soil environment in the open pit mining area,the groundwater and soil indexes in the Yimin open pit mine were investigated on site,and the change response characteristics of groundwater level,pH and the total amount of dissolved solids,as well as the soil environment were analyzed.The results show that:(1)groundwater level decreases continuously due to coal mining,and its influence from pit as center to the surrounding gradually weakens;(2)with the increase of underground water level,the moisture content,salt content and organic matter in soil all increase;otherwise,the opposite is true.(3)the higher the pH of groundwater,the lower the soil moisture content,and the higher the salt content and organic matter;(4)in the area with higher TDS value of groundwater,the moisture content and salt content in soil are lower and the organic matter content is higher The research results have certain guiding significance for the protection and restoration of ecological environment in mining areas.