新型冠状病毒疫情中血透护士心理健康水平与特质应对方式的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between the Mental Health Level and Trait Coping Style of the Hemodialysis Nurses Facing COVID-19

目的了解血透护士在新型冠状病毒疫情(简称新冠疫情)中的心理健康水平与特质应对方式的现状,探讨二者相关性,为采取有效措施促进血透护士心理健康提供理论依据。方法2020年2月对成都市6所医院的129名血透中心护士进行心理健康水平和特质应对方式调查。结果新冠疫情中血透护士的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)得分为(21.04±7.72)分,多因素回归分析结果显示血透护士是否有隔离(t=4.126,P<0.05)、所在医院是否有支援(t=-2.649,P<0.05)是影响血透护士在新冠疫情中心理健康水平的重要因素。应对方式中积极应对的得分为(24.59±4.87)分,低于国内常模(t=-11.517,P<0.001);消极应对的得分为(32.48±5.62)分,高于国内常模(t=20.965,P<0.001)。血透护士在新冠疫情中HAMA得分与特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)中的积极应对呈正相关(r=0.292,P<0.001);HAMA得分与TCSQ中的消极应对呈负相关(r=-0.473,P<0.001)。结论新冠疫情中血透护士的心理健康水平与特质应对方式密切相关,对于突发疫情,应该重视血透护士的心理健康问题,及时采取干预手段,有针对性的开展心理疏导,使其更好投入到工作与生活中。

Objective To investigate the status quo of the mental health level and trait coping style of the hemodialysis nurses facing COVID-19 and explore their correlation so as to provide theoretical basis for taking effective measures to promote the mental health of hemodialysis nurses.Methods The survey was conducted in February 2020 to investigate the mental health level and trait coping style of 129 hemodialysis nurses in 6 hospitals of Chengdu.Results The Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)score of the hemodialysis nurses facing COVID-19(21.04±7.72).The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that whether hemodialysis nurses were isolated(t=4.126,P<0.05)and whether the hospital provided support(t=-2.649,P<0.05)were the important factors affecting the mental health of the hemodialysis nurses facing COVID-19.The score of the positive coping style was(24.59±4.87)and significantly lower than the domestic norm(t=-11.517,P<0.001),and that of the negative coping style was(32.48±5.62)and significantly higher than the domestic norm(t=20.965,P<0.001).The HAMA score was positively correlated with the score of the positive coping style of Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ)(r=0.292,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with the score of the negative coping style of TCSQ(r=-0.473,P<0.001).Conclusion There is a close correlation between the mental health level and trait coping style of hemodialysis nurses facing COVID-19.The mental health problems of hemodialysis nurses should be paid attention to and the timely intervention measures should be taken to give them targeted psychological counseling so as to make them better devoted to their work and life during the epidemic outbreak.