中国军办煤矿述论——以中国人民解放军基建工程兵煤炭部队为中心

Review on the Chinese Military Coal Mine——Based on the Coal Troop of the PLA Capital Construction Engineering Corps

从古至今,中国军队都有兴建煤矿的传统,尤其在当代。20世纪六七十年代,在国家加强战备、加快三线建设的社会背景下,在全国一盘棋、集中力量进行重点项目建设的思想指导下,为了保障国家重点建设项目对煤炭的需求,中国人民解放军基建工程兵专门组建了煤炭部队。该部队从最初的“工改兵”到最后的“兵改工”共存在17年时间。在此期间,煤炭部队先后在全国9个省(自治区)的12个矿区,承建了20处大中型煤矿,设计能力年生产原煤3000多万吨,充分体现了中国特色社会主义制度有效整合资源、集中力量办大事的优势。此举为特定时期国家三线建设,推动煤炭工业发展,促进国家工业化、城市化进程做出了重要贡献。

From ancient times to the present,Chinese military has a tradition of building coal mines,especially in contemporary China.In the 1960s and 1970s,under the social background of strengthening combat preparedness and speeding up the Third-line Construction,and under the guidance of taking into full account the overall interest of the whole country and concentrating on the construction of major projects,the Capital Construction Engineering Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army built up the coal troop,in order to ensure the country’s demands of coals while constructing major projects.From the initial policy of“transforming industry into military”to then“transforming military into industry”,the coal troop existed for a total of 17 years.During these years,the coal troop successively constructed 20 large and medium-sized coal mines in 12 mining areas in 9 provinces(autonomous regions)of the country.The design capacity of coal production per year was more than 30 million tons.This fully demonstrated the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics in effectively integrating and concentrating resources to accomplish large undertakings.This military coal troop made important contribution to the country's Third-line Construction in the specific period,the development of the coal industry,and the country's industrialization and urbanization process.