辽宁省农村40岁及以上居民血脂异常知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状分析

Analysis on awareness,treatment and control rates of dyslipidemia among residents(≥40 years old)in rural area of Liaoning Province

目的了解辽宁省农村地区40岁及以上居民血脂异常知晓、治疗和控制现状及相关影响因素,为血脂异常预防管理提供理论依据。方法于2017年9月至2018年5月采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取辽宁省农村地区10926名≥40岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查,分析3383例血脂异常患者的知晓率、治疗率和控制率及相关影响因素。采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行χ^2检验、单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果辽宁省农村40岁及以上居民血脂异常知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为15.7%、6.4%和3.7%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,家庭年收入5000元以上(与<5000元相比,5000~9999元OR=1.68,10000~19999元OR=1.58,≥20000元OR=2.01)、教育程度为初中或高中以上(与小学及以下相比,初中或高中的OR=1.35,大学及以上OR=2.80)、缺乏运动(OR=1.85)、患有高血压(OR=2.12)或糖尿病(OR=2.30)人群的血脂异常知晓率较高,吸烟者(OR=0.77)的血脂异常知晓率较低;男性(OR=1.49)、家庭年收入≥20000元(与<5000元相比OR=1.73)、受教育程度为初中或高中以上(与小学及以下相比,初中或高中OR=1.54,大学及以上OR=2.50)、高血压(OR=2.12)和糖尿病(OR=1.68)人群的血脂异常治疗率较高,吸烟(OR=0.57)和饮酒(OR=0.66)人群的血脂异常治疗率较低;男性(OR=2.31)、受教育程度为大学及以上(与小学及以下相比,OR=3.65)、缺乏运动(OR=1.66)、高血压(OR=2.19)人群的血脂异常控制率较高,吸烟(OR=0.57)、饮酒(OR=0.46)及超重或肥胖(OR=0.65)人群的血脂异常控制率较低,均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论辽宁省农村地区40岁及以上居民血脂异常知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低,亟待有针对性地开展综合防控。

Objective To study the current status of awareness,treatment and control rates or influencing factors of dyslipidemia among residents(≥40 years old)in rural area of Liaoning Province,and to provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and management of dyslipidemia.Methods From September of 2017 to May of 2018,the stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 10926 residents(≥40 years old)in rural area of Liaoning Province as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory examination to analyze the awareness,treatment and control rates or influencing factors of 3383 residents with dyslipidemia.Theχ^2 test,univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 21.0.Results The awareness,treatment and control rates of residents(≥40 years old)in rural area of Liaoning Province were 15.7%,6.4%and 3.7%,respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the dyslipidemia awareness rates of subjects with family annual income>5000 yuan(as compared with<5000 yuan,OR values of 5000-9999,10000-19999,≥20000 yuan were 1.68,1.58 and 2.01,respectively),education level≥middle school(as compared with≤primary school,OR values of middle school,≥university were 1.35,2.80,respectively),lack of exercise(OR=1.85),hypertension(OR=2.12)or diabetes(OR=2.30)were higher;the dyslipidemia awareness rate of smokers(OR=0.77)was lower;the dyslipidemia treatment rates of subjects with male(OR=1.49),family annual income≥20000 yuan(as compared with<5000 yuan,OR value was 1.73),education level≥middle school(as compared with≤primary school,OR values of middle school,≥university were 1.54,2.50,respectively),hypertension(OR=2.12)and diabetes(OR=1.68)were higher;the dyslipidemia treatment rates of smokers(OR=0.57)or drinkers(OR=0.66)were lower;the dyslipidemia control rates of subjects with male(OR=2.31),education level≥university(as compared with≤primary school,OR value was 3.65),lack of exercise(OR=1.66),hypertension(OR=2.19)were higher;the dyslipidemia control rates of subjects with smoking(OR=0.57),drinking(OR=046),and overweight or obesity(OR=0.65)were lower,P<0.05 or P<0.01.Conclusion The dyslipidemia awareness,treatment and control rates among residents(≥40 years old)in rural areas of Liaoning Province are lower,and it is urgent to perform the comprehensive prevention and control.