基于Cell⁃SELEX的核酸适配体在肿瘤诊治中的应用

Application of Cell⁃SELEX⁃based Nucleic Acid Aptamers in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

细胞上的表面膜蛋白能够维持细胞结构的完整性以及调控细胞生理活动,膜蛋白种类及表达水平均与恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。Cell⁃SELEX是将完整活细胞作为筛选靶标,其最大的优点是在筛选过程中能够同时以多种呈天然构象的膜蛋白为靶标分子,不需要预先了解细胞表面蛋白种类及其表达水平,特别适用于肿瘤细胞的核酸适配体筛选,为药物筛选、临床诊断、疾病治疗和基础医学研究等带来了新的思路和方法,在肿瘤诊治领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文对基于Cell⁃SELEX的核酸适配体在肿瘤诊治中的应用做一综述,以期对Cell⁃SELEX的研究提供参考依据,对恶性肿瘤的分子诊断、个体化治疗研究提供帮助。

Surface membrane proteins on cells can maintain the integrity of cell structure and regulate cell physiological activities.The types and expression levels of membrane proteins are closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.Cell⁃SELEX uses intact living cells as a screening target.Its biggest advantage is that it can simultaneously target a variety of membrane proteins with natural conformations as target molecules during the screening process.and It is not necessary to know the types of cell surface proteins and their expression levels in advance.Nucleic acid aptamer screening suitable for tumor cells has brought new ideas and methods for drug screening,clinical diagnosis,disease treatment and basic medical research,and has broad application prospects in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment.This article reviews the application of Cell⁃SELEX⁃based nucleic acid aptamers in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors,with a view to providing reference for the study of Cell⁃SELEX,and to help the molecular diagnosis and individualized treatment of malignant tumors.