新型农村合作医疗对农业劳动力供给的影响

The Impact of New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme on Labor Supply of Agricultural Workers

医疗保险实施的主要目的是为了减少参保人员的医疗负担,降低因病产生的经济风险。然而,大量文献已经证实医疗保险会对参保人的健康、储蓄、消费以及投资等诸多方面产生影响。本文从劳动力供给角度,研究了医疗保险的影响。以新农合为例,本文使用2004年和2006年中国健康与营养数据(CHNS),采用面板工具变量法、倾向匹配的双重差分法和分位数差分法研究了医疗保险对于农业劳动时间和不同分位数劳动时间的影响。本文的研究结果表明,新农合能够显著的提高参保者的农业劳动时间,并且随着劳动时间分位数的提高,由在0.1分位数的29.9%逐渐下降到0.9分位数的15.1%。本文结论为医疗保险的减贫和扶贫提供了证据,进一步加深了我们对现阶段医疗保险"精准扶贫"的认识。

The main purpose of medical insurance is to reduce the financial risk of the insured.However,a large number of literatures have also confirmed that medical insurance has an effect on many other aspects of the insured,including individual’s health,savings,consumptions,and financial investments.In this study,we examine the effect of New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NRCMS)on the labor supply of agricultural workers in China.Using the Chinese Health and Nutrition Data(CHNS)in 2004 and 2006,we provide empirical analysis from both panel data fixed effect model and quantile regression model.Our results show that the NRCMS can significantly improve the labor supply of agricultural workers,and the magnitude of the impact decrease as the quantile increases,from 29.9%at 0.1 quantile to 15.1%at 0.9 quantile.