大熊猫国家公园秦岭片区生物多样性保护对策

Biodiversity Protection Strategies for Chin Ling Area of the Giant Panda National Park

秦岭是我国重要的生态安全屏障,其具有水土保持、水源涵养与维护物种多样性等生态功能。但是在人为因素的干扰下,秦岭的生态环境逐渐恶化,以大熊猫为代表的秦岭珍稀濒危野生物种面临着严峻的挑战。在这个背景下,国家大熊猫公园陕西省管理局于2019年11月11日在西安挂牌成立,该局的成立有效地推进了秦岭地区大熊猫及其他珍稀濒危野生物种的专门化保护工作。但大熊猫国家公园建立之初,难免会出现法律制度不完善、管理体制不健全等问题。鉴于此,通过国外动物保护类型国家公园先进经验的借鉴,从加强立法、强化执法监督、协调处理社会发展与保护地之间的矛盾、完善生态补偿机制、建立公共参与制度及推进公园配套服务体系的建设等六个方面,为国家大熊猫公园秦岭片区提出完善建议,以期为大熊猫及其他珍稀濒危野生动物提供更健全的保护服务。

With its ecological functions of soil and water conservation,water source conservation and species diversity maintaining,Chin Ling is seen as an important ecological safety barrier of China.However,its ecological environment gradually degrades due to human-involved factors,and precious endangered wild species represented by giant pandas are facing severe survival challenges.Aiming at propelling the specialized protection of giant pandas and other precious endangered wild species in Chin Ling effectively,the Shaanxi Province Administration Bureau of the Giant Panda National Park was found in Xi an on November 11 th,2019,which effectively promoted the specialized protection of giant pandas and other precious endangered wild species in Chin Ling area.But at its early state,the Giant Panda National Park encountered difficulties due to problems such as imperfect legal system and incomplete administrative system related to wildlife protection.In order to help building a more robust protection service towards pandas and other precious endangered wild species,based on the advanced experience of national animal protective parks overseas,this paper puts forward suggestions for Chin Ling area of the Giant Panda National Park from six aspects of strengthening legislation,consolidating supervision and monitoring,coordinately processing contradictions between social development and the protected area,perfecting the mechanism of eco-compensation,establishing public participation system and boosting construction of supporting facility for the park.