试析“五四”时期《新青年》上的世界语讨论

An Analysis of Esperanto Discussion in New Youth During the May 4th Movement

在《新青年》第3卷第4号"通信"栏目上,钱玄同致信陈独秀,对世界语作出正面辩护,使得多人卷入,世界语讨论于是成为"五四"新文化阵营聚焦的重要事件之一。之后,世界语问题在《新青年》不断发酵,孙国璋、钱玄同、陶履恭、区声白、朱我农、胡适、鲁迅等人继续讨论,涉及诸多的话题。"五四"时期《新青年》世界语的讨论远没有形成什么共识,反倒是表明了中国语言文字现代转型之中的"现代"迷思,并构成了"五四"思想文化之中斑驳的一页。同时,这一世界语讨论也从侧面说明"五四"语言文字变革空间产生了某种定型性的成果,中国现代民族共同语的现代白话文道路在"五四"时期已然确立了。

In the column of“Communication”,No.4,Volume 3 of New Youth,Qian Xuantong wrote a letter to Chen Duxiu to defend Esperanto positively with many people involved.The discussion of Esperanto became one of the important events focused by the May 4th new culture union.Afterwards,the Esperanto issue continued to attract the public attention in New Youth.Sun Guozhang,Qian Xuantong,Tao Lügong,Ou Shengbai,Zhu Wonong,Hu Shi,Lu Xun and others made their personal comments,involving many topics.Instead of reaching a consensus concerning Esperanto in the New Youth during the May 4th Movement,it reveals the“modern”myth in the modern transformation of Chinese language and characters,which constitutes a colorful page in the ideology and culture of the May 4th Movement.At the same time,this discussion of the Esperanto also shows that the space for the transformation of language and characters has produced some stereotyped achievements,that is,the modern vernacular road of the modern Chinese national common language had been established in the May 4th period.