英国中央政府结构性成本削减与行政辅助服务共享改革的经验研究

Study on UK’s Central Governmental Back-office Services Reform: Structural Cost Reduction and Shared Service

作为政府运行成本管理改革与共享服务计划的先行者,英国探索出了一条以结构性成本削减为目标,以信息技术为引领,以共享行政辅助服务为手段的行政成本管理之路。其基本实现了中央政府部门及直属机构辅助性服务的集中化、标准化、外包化与信息化。英国政府机构的结构性成本削减与共享服务改革的思路、方法和路径确有其可取之处,但在实施中也暴露出一些不足。主要体现在:决策者、执行者与被改革对象的沟通不够,造成改革前期准备不充分,政策推行遇到较大阻力;共享服务计划与原有服务机制差异突出,存在一定政治风险和执行难度;对技术难度的低估也致使改革进度大大延迟,政府削减机关运营成本的目标未能全面达成。英国的经验教训,对我国的行政成本控制改革有较强的借鉴意义。

The UK has adopted a series of reforms in order to reduce its government’s operating cost in the last decade. The reforms were underpinned by implementing the strategy of shared services and supplemented by the application of information technology. At present,the government at central level has basically established its back-office service sharing system,through the standardization,centralization and out-sourcing of services. There are a number of experience and lessons can be learned by policy makers,especially in areas of the cost management and shared services in public sector. This paper presents the history of the UK’s governmental cost reduction and shared services. Then,it reviews the literature and documents of the back-office services cost management. Furthermore,this article analyses the practice and activities of back-office sharing services reforms in the central government in the UK. Finally,it draws a conclusion and discusses the experience what informed by the UK’s reforms.