论人与自然互主体性的复归

On the Return of Mutual Subjectivity between Human and Nature

人类与自然构成人类世界的两大基本要素,正确把握人类与自然的关系,既是人类存在和发展的前提,也是人类发展由自发到自觉的表征,更是把握人类和自然的共同目的。因此,人与自然关系问题是哲学必须回答的最基本问题。所谓人类世界更美好,其重要的表现就是人类与自然关系更和美。可是,由于受人类生产力水平和人类认识能力的历史局限,人与自然的关系经历了辩证否定的曲折过程,由自发性的人与自然的统一观,到近代的人与自然二元对立观,再到马克思的人与自然互主体性理念。人与自然互主体性的关系是在实践基础上生成的,人与自然是互为目的与手段、互为主客体关系,是命运共同体关系。

Human beings and nature constitute the two basic elements of the human world.To correctly grasp the relationship between human beings and nature is not only the premise of human existence and development,but also the representation of human development from spontaneous to conscious,and more importantly,the common purpose of human beings and nature.Therefore,the relationship between man and nature is the most basic question that philosophy must answer.The more important manifestation of the so-called better world of human beings is the more harmonious relationship between human beings and nature.However,due to the limitation of human productivity level and human cognition ability,the scientific understanding of the relationship between man and nature has also experienced a tortuous process of dialectical negation:from the spontaneous view of the unity between man and nature,to the modern view of the binary opposition between man and nature,and then to Marx's idea of the mutual subjectivity between man and nature.The mutual subjectivity between man and nature is generated on the basis of practice.Man and nature are purposes and means,as well as subject and object,of each other.They are a community with a shared future.