北京冬奥会背景下冰壶项目世界竞争格局及趋势分析

On the World Competitive Landscape and Trend of Curling against the Backdrop of Beijing Winter Olympic Games

以6届冬奥会、61届冰壶男子世锦赛和41届冰壶女子世锦赛奖牌分布情况为研究对象,对世界各国冰壶代表队的竞技实力进行统计分析,结果表明:1)男子冰壶比赛延续欧美冰壶传统强国垄断奖牌榜的格局。世界男子冰壶竞技实力呈雁阵分布。加拿大为领头雁,瑞典和苏格兰为雁阵第二梯队,美国、挪威和瑞士为雁阵第三梯队。目前中、日、韩等亚洲国家男子冰壶队仍不具备摘牌夺冠的实力,但已成为世界冰壶新兴力量,跃升为第四梯队。2)世界女子冰壶以往由欧美传统冰壶强国一统江山的竞争格局正在悄然改变。俄罗斯和中、日、韩等亚洲国家开始登上奥运会和世锦赛奖牌榜。瑞士女子冰壶队近年来的快速复兴,正在挑战加拿大领头雁的位置;瑞典与苏格兰实力犹存,瑞典稳居雁阵第二梯队,苏格兰稳居第三梯队;俄罗斯、中、日、韩新兴力量的快速崛起正逐步替代了挪威、美国、德国和丹麦,晋升为第三梯队。

Based on researching the medal distribution of 6 winter Olympic games,the 61st men’s curling world championship and the 41st women’s curling world championship,this paper conducts a statistical analysis on the competitive strength of the curling teams of the countries in the world,and the result shows:1)for men’s curling games,traditional powers in Europe and America continue to do a clean sweep on the medal table.The competitive strength of men’s curling event in the world shows a flying geese pattern.Canada is the leading goose,Sweden and Scotland are in the second tier,America,Norway and Switzerland are in the third tier.At present,curling teams from Asian nations such as China,Japan and South Korea still do not possess the strength to win the championship.