突发公共卫生事件中信息公开共享的协同机制分析与优化

Analysis and Optimization of Collaborative Mechanism of Information Publicity and Sharing in Public Health Emergencies Exemplified by NCP

信息公开共享是国家应对突发公共卫生事件的重要前提和保障,也是政府应急管理的基本要求。2019年末发生的新冠肺炎疫情信息的公开共享受到广泛关注,建立高效运行的信息公开共享协同机制已经成为应对突发公共卫生事件的必然要求。随着海量信息和大量数据的生成与涌聚,重大突发公共卫生事件信息的公开方式、共享机制与传播模式对于战胜疫情起到了重要作用,其中出现的种种问题和困惑值得深入反思。通过对当前新冠肺炎疫情从爆发到目前逐步进入"缓解期"过程中的信息公开共享情况进行分析与回顾,形成多学科视角下信息公开共享的经验认识,梳理在突发公共卫生事件中信息公开共享方面存在的不足与"短板",分析信息公开共享机制的基本特征与传播模式,基于协同治理理论提出突发公共卫生事件中优化信息公开共享机制的对策建议。

Information publicity and sharing is not only a vital prerequisite and guarantee for China to cope with public health emergencies, but also a basic requirement of the government’s emergency management.At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) broke out in Wuhan and quickly spread all over China. As the disclosure and dissemination of epidemic information have received wide attention, it’s imperative to establish a collaborative mechanism of publicizing and sharing epidemic information. With a vast amount of information generated and accumulated, how it is publicized, shared and disseminated plays a momentous role in fighting the epidemic. By reviewing the disclosure and dissemination of information from NCP’s outbreak to a relatively stable stage nowadays, this paper not only summarizes the related experience from a multi-disciplinary perspective, but also points out the inadequacy in publicizing and sharing information. It also analyzes the related mechanism’s fundamental features and transmission mode, and thereupon provides suggestions for its optimization according to the theory of collaborative governance.