我国涉罪未成年人观护制度实践不足与制度完善

Practice Deficiency and Institutional Improvement of China’s Juvenile Delinquency Probation System

治理未成年人犯罪被公认为世界性难题,而处置涉罪未成年人又是这一难题的关键。近年来,理论界和实务界越来越关注对涉罪未成年人的处遇,特别是一些地方检察院立足未检工作职能,积极探索未成年人观护工作,取得了一定成效,但也存在较突出的问题。解决这些问题,应在我国未成年人刑事诉讼体系下,厘清涉罪未成年人观护制度包含的基本要素,对观护制度的核心权力及分流程序的核心权力进行科学合理地配置,并对观护执行程序和措施进行具体构建,使其成为可遵循可操作的有效制度。

Prevention of juvenile delinquency is recognized as a worldwide problem, and how to deal with the juvenile delinquents is the key to this problem. In recent years, theoretical and practical circles have paid increasing attention to the treatment of juvenile delinquents. In particular, some local procuratorates have work actively on the exploration of probation of juveniles based on their procuratorial functions for juvenile delinquents. Despite their achievements, some striking problems still remain. To solve these problems, this paper suggests that basic elements of juvenile delinquency probation system should be clarified under the system of juvenile criminal proceedings, the core power of the probation system and the diversion procedure should be allocated scientifically, and specific probationary procedure and measures should be constructed more feasibly and effectively.