准东矿区降尘对梭梭光合特性的影响

Effect of dust precipitation on photosynthetic characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron in Zhundong mine area

煤矿开采过程中,产生的降尘生成量大、成分复杂,不仅是大气污染的主要来源,亦对植物的代谢、形态和发育有不可估量的损害。本文选择准东煤田为研究区,建群种梭梭(Haloxylonammodendron)为研究对象,采用Li-6400XT(LI-COR,USA)测定梭梭样地不同时期光合特性指标,同时测定降尘量,探讨降尘量与梭梭光合生理指标变化量的关系,探究降尘量与光合响应的内在联系。结果表明:(1)6月降尘均值最大,且显著高于8月和9月(P<0.05),8月降尘最小,至9月降尘量又逐渐增加。(2)降尘与梭梭净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),且均呈线性回归模型。研究结果可为干旱区露天煤矿区大气环境污染监控、环境风险预警与防控提供理论基础。

In the process of coal mining, the production of dust is large and the composition is complex, which is not only the main source of atmospheric pollution, but also has immeasurable damage to the metabolism, morphology and development of plants.This paper selects the Zhundong coal field as the research area, and constructive species Haloxylon ammodendron as the research object,the characteristics of photosynthetic characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron leaves were determined by Li-6400 XT, and the dust precipitation were also measured, the relationship between the amount of dust fall and the change of plant physiological indexes was discussed, the intrinsic relationship between dust fall and photosynthetic characteristics response. The results showed that.(1)The average dust fall in June was the largest and significantly higher than that in August and September(P<0.05).The dust precipitation in August was the smallest, and the dust fall in September gradually increased.(2) dust precipitation was negatively correlated with Pn, Gs and Tr of Haloxylon ammodendron(P<0.01), and positively correlated with Ci(P<0.01), showing linear regression model.The results can provide a theoretical basis for the monitoring and control of air pollution, early warning and prevention of environmental risk in open coal mine areas in arid area.