“斯图亚特神话”的建构与解体--论《威弗利》中的苏格兰情感共同体书写

The Construction and Dissolution of the Scottish Emotional Community in Waverley

作为司各特的第一部苏格兰历史小说,《威弗利》书写了围绕"斯图亚特神话"建构的情感共同体的形成与解体,反映出作者对情感在共同体建构过程中的凝聚和分裂作用的关注。同时,借助于对这一演变轨迹的书写和展演,小说提供给大众一种反思集体情感双重作用的契机,为累积的民族集体情感寻找释放的途径和渠道,以走向基于共享的新共同体的未来。论文指出,对苏格兰已逝过去的浪漫情感是建立苏格兰群体关联的基础,并在群体行动中扩展到更为宽广的社会领域,形成具有共同情感能量的苏格兰情感共同体。但在情感的互动和交流中,这种情感共同体又时刻处在分崩离析的过程中。司各特批判以狂热的集体情感为基础的苏格兰共同体的非理性,肯定了理性框架下的浪漫情感,反映出其试图在联盟框架下诠释苏格兰文化传统的目的。

As Scott’s first Scottish historical novel,Waverley represents the construction and dissolution of the Scottish emotional community based on Stuart Myth,which indicates Scott’s concern for the dual role feelings played as both constructive and destructive forces in the process of community construction.In addition,by the representation and performance of this evolving process,the novel provides the public a possibility of rethinking the dual role of the collective feelings,thus helps to release the accumulated ethnic collective feelings,and create a new community based on shared future.It is believed that the romantic feelings towards the lost Scottish past serves as the basis of the construction and association of Scottish community,and this feeling will spread into broader social realm in the movement of its group members,and thus help the formation of Scottish community that is full of emotional energy.However,in the process of interaction and communication of feelings,this community is also in the process of disintegration.Scott criticized the irrationality of Scottish community based on fanatical collective feelings,while at the same time believed the romantic feeling within the frame of reason.This reflects Scott’s attempt of interpreting Scottish culture and tradition within the frame of the Union of England and Scotland.