盘式制动器摩擦片偏磨分析研究

Study on Partial Wear of Pad in Disc Brake

为了探索盘式制动器摩擦片发生切向偏磨的原因以及摩擦片的一般磨损过程,首先在考虑热-结构耦合的情况下,建立盘式制动器的有限元模型,仿真分析得到在紧急工况下摩擦片的温度和接触压力分布.分析表明,新摩擦片在正常工作时,其温度和接触压力分布并不是均匀分布.接触压力分布的不均匀性是导致摩擦片产生偏磨的重要原因.再通过比较磨损摩擦片、偏磨摩擦片和新摩擦片的温度和接触压力分布,探索磨损量以及切向偏磨对摩擦片的温度和接触压力的影响.结果表明:磨损量和切向偏磨对摩擦片的温度几乎没有影响;磨损量对摩擦片接触压力的影响很小,而切向偏磨对摩擦片接触压力产生很大影响.最后对摩擦片的受力特性与磨损特性分析,得到其寿命周期内的磨损情况,并验证了仿真的可靠性和准确性.新摩擦片前期发生切向偏磨,当偏磨量达到一定时磨损趋于均匀,即摩擦片的磨损有一个自适应调整的过程.总的来说,摩擦片发生切向偏磨是难以避免的,但是偏磨量能控制在较小的范围.

In order to explore the causes of partial wear of pad in disc brake and the general wear process of pad,firstly a thermo-structural coupling finite element model of disc brake was established.The temperature distribution and the contact pressure distribution of pad were simulated and analyzed under an emergency condition.The analysis shows that the temperature distribution and the contact pressure distribution of pad are not uniform when the new pad is in normal working condition.The nonuniformity of the contact pressure is an important cause of partial wear.Secondly,compared the temperature distribution and the contact pressure distribution of wear pad,partial wear pad and new pad,the influence of wear amount and partial wear on the temperature and contact pressure of pad was investigated.The results show that wear amount and partial wear have little effect on the temperature of pad.The influence of wear amount on the contact pressure of pad is very small,while partial wear has a great influence on the contact pressure of pad.Finally,the wear and force characteristics of pad are analyzed.The wear of its life cycle of pad is obtained,and the reliability and accuracy of the simulation are verified.The wear of new pad is partial wear in the early stage,and the wear tends to be uniform when the amount of partial wear reaches a certain moment.Namely,the pad wear has an adaptive adjustment process.In general,the partial wear of pad is difficult to avoid,but the amount of partial wear can be controlled in a small range.