套作大豆耐荫品种筛选及农艺性状与产量的关系研究

Screening of shade tolerant soybean varieties and the relationship between agronomic characteristics and yield

为探讨套作遮荫条件大豆农艺性状与产量的关系,筛选耐荫、高产大豆材料,以遮阳网模拟玉米大豆套作遮荫环境,对27份大豆材料的农艺性状与产量的关系进行分析。结果表明:大豆苗期,在正常光下分枝性状变异大,对地上部生物量的贡献较小;受到荫蔽后,分枝变异程度和贡献都增大;成熟期,正常光下分枝粒重对单株产量的贡献比主茎大;而荫蔽条件下分枝粒重占单株粒重的比例更大。通过主成分分析获得5个主要成分,在正常光和荫蔽处理下的累计贡献率分别达到了85.79%和86.05%。从27份材料中筛选出两个耐荫性大豆材料南豆12与E383,在荫蔽下可以通过增加分枝数量从而提高产量。本研究为通过促进分枝来提高套作大豆产量提供了理论依据。

In order to explore the relationship between soybean agronomic traits and yield,the relationship be⁃tween agronomic traits and yield of 27 soybean materials were studied under the conditions of net cropping and shade screen simulation of maize and soybean intercropping.The results showed that at seedling stage,under nor⁃mal light,the variation of branching characteristics was great and the contribution to the biomass of aboveground was small.The degree of variation and contribution of branches increased after being shaded.In the mature stage,under normal light,the branch grain weight contributed more to yield per plant than the main stem.But the percent⁃age of grain weight per plant was greater after shading.Five main components were obtained by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate under normal light and shade treatment reached 85.79%and 86.05%respectively.Two shade-tolerant soybean materials,Nandou 12 and E383,were selected.This study might provide a theoretical basis for increasing yield of intercropping soybean by promoting branching.