不同氮源对丹参和藏丹参毛状根有效成分积累的影响

Effects of different nitrogen sources on accumulation of active components in hairy roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia castanea f.tomentosa

目的氮素是中药材有效成分积累的重要影响元素,为探讨不同氮源对丹参Salviamiltiorrhiza和藏丹参Salvia castanea毛状根生长和活性成分积累的影响。方法分别采用硝酸铵、水解乳蛋白、蛋白胨、牛肉浸膏、酪蛋白和酵母提取物6种氮源处理对丹参和藏丹参毛状根的影响,分析毛状根生长及活性成分积累的变化。结果硝酸铵最有利于2种丹参毛状根的生长。水解乳蛋白能够显著促进丹酚酸类成分的积累,与硝酸铵对照相比,丹参迷迭香酸和丹酚酸B含量分别提高了2.94倍和3.27倍,藏丹参二者含量分别提高了13.74倍和2.01倍。酵母提取物对2种丹参毛状根二氢丹参酮Ι和隐丹参酮积累的促进效果最为显著,水解乳蛋白能显著促进丹参根中丹参酮IIA的积累,牛肉浸膏则对藏丹参中丹参酮IIA积累的促进作用最为显著。结论硝酸铵是2种丹参毛状根生长的最佳氮源,水解乳蛋白是丹酚酸积累的最佳氮源,不同氮源对4种丹参酮的影响不一致,丹参和藏丹参对不同氮源的响应也不一致。该研究不仅对丹参毛状根规模化培养及活性成分工业化生产具有一定指导意义,也对藏丹参资源的开发利用提供了借鉴作用。

Objective Nitrogen is an important element affecting the accumulation of effective components in Chinese medicinal materials.The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of different nitrogen sources on the growth and active components accumulation of hairy roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia castanea f.tomentosa.Methods The hairy roots of S.miltiorrhiza and S.castanea f.tomentosa were treated with ammonium nitrate,hydrolyzed milk protein,peptone,beef extract,casein and yeast extract,respectively.The growth of hairy roots and the accumulation of active components were analyzed.Results Ammonium nitrate was the most beneficial to the growth of the two kinds of hairy roots.Hydrolyzed milk protein significantly promoted the accumulation of salvianolic acids,compared with ammonium nitrate,the contents of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B in S.miltiorrhiza were respectively increased by 2.94 times and 3.27 times,and the contents of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B in S.castanea f.tomentosa were respectively increased by 13.74 times and 2.01 times.Yeast extract had the most significant effect on the accumulation of dihydrotanshinone I and cryptotanshinone in two kinds of hairy roots.Hydrolyzed milk protein significantly promoted the accumulation of tanshinone IIA in the hairy roots of S.miltiorrhiza,while beef extract had the most significant effect on the accumulation of tanshinone IIA in S.castanea f.tomentosa.Conclusion Ammonium nitrate was the best nitrogen source for the growth of two kinds of hairy roots,and hydrolyzed milk protein was the best nitrogen source for salvianolic acids accumulation.The effects of different nitrogen sources on four kinds of tanshinones were different,and the responses of S.miltiorrhiza and S.castanea f.tomentosa to different nitrogen sources were also different.This study not only has certain guiding significance for large-scale cultivation of hairy roots of S.miltiorrhiza and industrialized production of active components,but also provides a reference for the development and utilization of S.castanea f.tomentosa resources.