异质性条件下农村电商对农户增收实现机制研究——来自山东东营市的实证分析

Income growth mechanism of rural e-commerce under the heterogeneous conditions:An empirical case study of Dongying City,Shandong Province

发展农村电商有助于促进农民增收,但异质性条件下农村电商对农户收入的具体影响有待进一步辨析,对于规范农村电商发展和形成精准的扶持政策有重要的研究意义。本文基于山东省东营市农户调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配方法(PSM),分析农村电商对农民收入的影响,探讨发展农村电商对农民收入的增长效应和分配效应。结果表明,农村电商的发展提高了农户参与电商的积极性,降低农产品流通成本,对增加农民收入具有显著正向作用。一方面,传统农业地区农户而言,发展电商基础设施、成立家庭农场和农产品品牌对农户收入具有显著影响,对于工业经济发达地区影响较小;另一方面,农村电商基础设施建设、农产品品牌建设对于参与电商的高收入群体的增收有益,政府资助对于参与电商农户的增收效果较显著。鉴于此,为增加农户收入,应大力发展农村电商基础设施建设,扩大农业规模经营,树立农产品品牌意识,同时政府应增加财政专项电商扶持经费投入。

The fast development of rural e-commerce can increase farmers’income level effectively.However,under heterogeneous conditions,analyzing the specific impacts of rural e-commerce on the income of farmers has great significance for regulating the development of rural e-commerce and formulating accurate support policies.Based on a survey data of households in Dongying City of Shandong Province,this paper uses the propensity score matching method(PSM)to analyze the impacts of rural E-commerce on farmers’income.Meanwhile,it also analyzes the growth effect and distribution effect of rural e-commerce on farmers’income.Results show that the development of rural e-commerce has increased the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in e-commerce,reducing the cost of agricultural product distribution,and significantly increasing farmers’income.Firstly,for farmers in traditional agricultural areas,developing e-commerce infrastructure and establishing brands of family farms and agricultural products have significant impacts on farmers’income and have very limited impacts on industrial economy developed areas.Secondly,the construction of rural e-commerce infrastructure and the branding of agricultural products are beneficial to the increase of high-income group’s income.Participating in e-commerce and obtaining government funding have significant influences on increasing the income of farmers who are participate in e-commerce business.In order to increase farmers’income,this paper suggests:to develop rural e-commerce infrastructure construction,to expand agricultural operation scales efficaciously,and to establish brand awareness of agricultural products.At the same time,the government should provide special financial investment support for e-commerce development.