民事诉讼审前准备工作的功能变革——以庭审中心主义为逻辑起点

Functional Reform of Civil Litigation Pretrial Preparation:Taking Trial Centralism as Logical Starting Point

集中审理模式已成为各国建构民事诉讼审理方式所共同追求的目标,它要求所有审判核心事务均要在短时间内完成,否则必将陷入多次“非正式化庭审”的窠臼之中,这便意味着在审前阶段需进行充分的准备。法官应当把主要精力放在事实认定、法律适用及司法裁断之上,逐步改变事无巨细的审判环节“守夜人”角色。以法官助理为代表的司法辅助人员,在法官的指挥和授权之下处理非审判核心事务,发现诉讼瑕疵,在庭审期日到来之前明确两造争议焦点,指导证据整理及交换,促使开庭条件的达成,为法官“减负增效”。

The centralized trial pattern has become a common goal for many countries to construct civil litigation trial mode.It requires that all the core issues of a trial be completed within a short period of time,otherwise it will fall into the repetition of“informal trials”,so sufficient preparation must be made in the pretrial stage.Judges should focus on finding facts,applying the law and making judicial decision,and gradually change the role of“night watchman”in every aspect of trial process.Under the command and authorization of judges,judicial supporting personnel,represented by judge assistants,should handle the non-core issues,look for litigation defects,figure out the disputes between the two parties before trail,and guide the sorting and exchange of evidences,so as to complete the preparation of opening a court session and reduce the burden and increase the efficiency of judges.