陕西省县域土地利用效益与城镇化的时空变化及协调性分析

Exploring Spatial-Temporal Variation and Coordination of Land Use Benefits and Urbanization at County Level in Shaanxi Province

土地利用效益与城镇化演变及其相互关系是土地可持续利用研究的热点领域。以陕西省107个县(区、市)为研究对象,采用熵权TOPSIS法、协调性指数、探索性空间数据等方法,探索其土地利用效益与城镇化的时空演变特征及其协调性的空间非均衡性。结果表明:(1)2000-2016年陕西省各县域土地利用效益均稳步提升,其中经济效益提升幅度最大;(2)各县域城镇化水平均有所提高,其中关中地区整体最高,但增长较缓慢;榆林市和汉中市、安康市整体最低,且增长缓慢;(3)除生态效益外,各县域土地利用经济、社会和综合效益与城镇化协调性总体较好;土地利用效益与城镇化协调性的空间分布差异显著,并表现出空间集聚的特征。根据土地利用效益与城镇化发展速度不同,可将二者协调性关系划分为城镇化滞后型或者综合(或经济、社会、生态)效益滞后型。研究结果可为科学管理城镇化建设的同时,实现土地集约高效利用提供借鉴。

Using panel data of 107 counties or districts in Shaanxi Province in 2000 and 2016, we established the comprehensive evaluation index system of land use benefits to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of land use benefits. And then we measured spatial heterogeneity of the coordination between land use efficiency and urbanization at the county level based on the methods of coordination index and exploratory spatial data analysis. The main results were summed up as follows.(1) From 2000 to 2016, land use benefits increased steadily, in which economic benefit was the fastest.(2) Urbanization of counties in Shaanxi Province had been improved. Urbanization of Guanzhong region as a whole was the highest, but urbanization of Yulin, Hanzhong, and Ankang Cities were generally the lowest, and increased slowest.(3) The coordination of urbanization and land use benefits, including economic, social and comprehensive benefits except for ecological benefit, was generally well. In addition, the coordination between land use benefits and urbanization had distinctly different patterns in different regions, and showed the strong tendency of spatial agglomerations. According to the different development speed of land use benefits and urbanization, their coordination relationship could be divided into urbanization lag types or economic(or social, ecological, comprehensive) benefit lag types. The research results can provide the reference for the scientific management of urbanization and the realization of intensive and efficient land use.