GDT聚变中子源氚燃料循环初步设计与分析

Preliminary Design and Analysis of Tritium FuelCycle for GDT-based Fusion Neutron Source

基于GDT概念的聚变中子源具有等离子体易实现稳态运行、结构简单紧凑、技术实现难度较低、易于升级与维护、氚消耗量低等特点,其建成后可作为聚变结构材料或部件的测试平台。由于氚在真空室内的燃烧份额很低,所以有必要为该装置建立安全而高效的闭式氚燃料循环系统,以提高氚燃料的经济性。本文首先分析GDT在氚燃料循环方面的特点,然后参考最新的ITER和DEMO氚燃料循环设计,旨在建立匹配的氚燃料循环系统,以满足GDT聚变中子源稳定运行的燃料需求。根据物料注入方式、氚处理系统功能、循环回路等方面的不同,分别提出了三套氚燃料循环方案GDT—TFC1、TFC2和TFC3,并分析它们在系统氚盘存量、氚投料量方面的差异。从氚燃料经济性的角度考虑,为该装置氚燃料循环方案的选取提供了一定的参考。

The fusion neutron source based on the GDT concept is easy to realize steady-state operation of plasma,compact structure,low technical implementation difficulty,easy to upgrade and maintain,and low tritium consumption,which can be used as a test platform for fusion structural materials or components.Because the burning rate of tritium in the vacuum vessel is very low,it is necessary to establish a safe and efficient closed tritium fuel cycle system for this device to improve the economy of tritium fuel.This paper first analyzes the characteristics of GDT in the tritium fuel cycle,and then refers to the latest ITER and DEMO design,aiming to establish a matching tritium fuel cycle system to meet the fuel requirements of steady-state operation of the GDT fusion neutron source.Three tritium fuel cycle schemes GDT—TFC1,TFC2 and TFC3 were proposed respectively according to the differences in matter injection,tritium handling system function,and cycle loop,and the differences in tritium inventory and loading were analyzed.From the point of view of tritium fuel economy,some references are provided for the selection of tritium fuel cycle scheme.