“形式理性”:复合框架下的市场经济立法进路——以法社会学与法经济学为视角

Formalization and Rationalization:A Compound Framework for the Legislative Approach of a Market Economy——From the Perspective of Legal Sociology and Legal Economics

在市场经济体制下,需要何种法律、怎样立法才能适应和推动经济的发展,是上世纪末法学界曾热烈讨论的话题。近些年,随着“法治中国”概念的提出以及“市场经济就是法治经济”观念的深入,市场经济立法问题再度回到研究视野之中。其实,这一较为传统的法学话题,若换一种方法或理念去看待,便能产生新的生命力。“形式理性”立法进路受到韦伯形式理性法律类型的启发,其基于“理性”概念而与市场经济产生逻辑暗合。这一立法进路强调理性立法的“形式化”和立法方法的“理性化”,即在形式上拥有完备融贯的社会主义市场经济法律体系,同时通过算度合理配置立法资源。作为一种法社会学与法经济学的复合分析框架,其试图以一个跨方法的综合视角探寻中国法治的未来方向。

In a market economy,what kind of law was needed and how to legislate to promote economic growth were hot topics in Chinese legal circles at the end of last century.In recent years,with the introduction of the concept of“China ruled by law”and the deepening of the conception of“a market economy is the economy ruled by law”,the legislative issue of a market economy has returned to the research field again.In fact,this relatively traditional legal topic can generate new vitality if it is viewed in a different way.The legislative approach of“formalization and rationalization”is inspired by the legal type of“formal rational laws”proposed by Max Weber,and it is logically consistent with a market economy because of“rationality”.This approach emphasizes the“formalization”of rational legislation and the“rationalization”of legislative methods.It requires a complete and coherent legal system of the socialist market economy in form,and more efficient allocation of legislative resources through calculation.As a compound analytical framework of legal sociology and legal economics,it attempts to explore the future direction of the rule of law in China from an interdisciplinary perspective.