老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理现状以及影响患者自我管理能力的因素

Status of Self-management in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Factors Affecting Patients'Self-management Ability

目的分析老年慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者自我管理现状以及影响患者自我管理能力的因素。方法从医院2016年1月-2019年3月收治的老年慢性心力衰竭患者中抽取100例,根据患者入院先后顺序分别纳入对照组与观察组,每组均为50例,其中,分别采用常规自我健康教育管理和针对性自我健康教育管理,分析影响患者自我管理能力的单因素,对比护理6个月后患者自我管理能力、生活质量和再次入院概率。结果①影响患者自我管理能力的单因素中,年龄、宗教信仰、月收入、自理能力和NYHA分级对患者影响明显;②两组自我管理评分、生活质量评分对比,观察组评分更高(P<0.05);③两组再次入院率分别为32.0%和48.0%,观察组明显更低(P<0.05)。结论对老年CHF患者进行护理干预时,根据影响患者健康状况的各项因素和病情状况,实施针对性自我健康教育管理,可提升患者在用药、饮食、疾病控制和生活方面的自我管理能力和生活质量,利于改善患者病情。

Objective To analyze the status of self-management of elderly patients with chronic heart failure(CHF)and the factors that affect the ability of self-management.Methods Elderly patients with chronic heart failure admitted from January 2016 to March 2019 in the hospital A total of 100 cases were selected,and the patients were included in the control group and observation group according to the order of admission.Each group was 50 cases.Among them,conventional self-health education management and targeted self-health education management were used to analyze the impact on patients'self-management ability of the single factor,compared with patients'self-management ability,quality of life,and re-admission probability after 6 months of nursing.Results①Among the single factors that affected patients'self-management ability,age,religion,monthly income,self-care ability,and NYHA classification had significant effects on patients;②Comparison of self-management score and quality of life score between the two groups,the observation group scored higher(P<0.05);③The re-admission rates in the two groups were 32.0%and 48.0%,respectively,and the observation group was significantly lower(P<0.05).Conclusion When nursing intervention for elderly patients with CHF,the implementation of targeted self-health education and management according to various factors that affect the patient's health status and condition can improve patients'self-management ability and medication management,diet,disease control and life.The quality of life is conducive to improving the patient's condition.