烯效唑浸种对甘蔗分蘖及农艺性状的影响

Effects of Seed Soaking with Uniconazole on Tillering and Agronomic Traits of Sugarcane

【目的】通过浸种处理试验,筛选促进甘蔗分蘖提早发生、分蘖成茎率高的烯效唑适宜浓度,提高甘蔗单位面积有效茎数及产量。【方法】试验采用桂糖42号的常规蔗种,设0(CK)、20、40、60 mg/L烯效唑4个浓度处理,浸种处理2 h。【结果】20、40、60 mg/L烯效唑浸种处理的新植蔗SPAD值分别比CK增加20.5%、21.1%、27.2%,差异极显著,分蘖率分别比CK增加48.96%、119.74%和169.90%,差异极显著;4个处理中,以20 mg/L烯效唑浸种处理的有效茎数和产量最高,其中新植蔗有效茎和产量分别为59640条/hm^2和102.22 t/hm^2,分别比对照提高8.32%和8.48%,宿根蔗的有效茎和产量分别为72894条/hm^2和105.56 t/hm^2,分别比对照提高12.45%和16.05%。新植和宿根蔗的蔗糖分并不随着烯效唑浓度的增加而变化。【结论】用20 mg/L烯效唑浸种,可有效提高新植蔗苗期+1叶的SPAD值,可提高新植蔗的分蘖率、单位面积有效茎数和产量,提高宿根蔗的发株率和产量,说明烯效唑浸种浓度不宜过高。

【Objective】In this study,uniconazole was used to soak the sugarcane seeds.The optimum concentration of uniconazole that can promote the early occurrence of sugarcane tillering and high tillering rate was proposed to increase the effective stem number and yield per unit area of sugarcane.【Method】The conventional sugarcane seed of Guitang 42 was used in this experiment and four treatment concentrations were set,including 0 mg/L,20 mg/L,40 mg/L,and 60 mg/L,to soak the seeds for 2 h.【Result】The results showed that the SPAD values of newly planted sugarcane treated with 20 mg/L,40 mg/L,and 60 mg/L uniconazole increased by 20.5%,21.1%,and 27.2%,respectively,compared with that of 0 mg/L,showing extremely significant differences;and the tillering rate of 20 mg/L,40 mg/L and 60 mg/L treatments increased by 48.96%,119.74%and 169.90%,respectively,compared with that of 0 mg/L treatment,with extremely significant differences.Among the 4 treatments,the effective stem number and yield of 20 mg/L uniconazole treatment were the highest;among them,the effective stem and yield of newly planted sugarcane were 59640 pieces/hm^2 and 102.22 t/hm^2,respectively,which were 8.32%and 8.48%higher than those of CK.The effective stem and yield of ratoon sugarcane were 72894 pieces/hm^2 and 105.56 t/hm^2,which were 12.45%and 16.05%higher than those of CK,respectively.The sucrose contents of newly planted and ratoon sugarcanes did not change with the increase of uniconazole concentration.【Conclusion】Soaking seeds with 20 mg/L uniconazole can effectively increase the SPAD value of+1 leaf in seedling stage of the newly planted sugarcane,the tillering rate,effective stem number and yield per unit area,and the stooling capacity and yield of ratoon sugarcane,indicateing that the concentration of uniconazole should not be too high.