华南地区优良牧草种植模式调整

Adjustment of Forage Planting Pattern in South China

牧草作为草食动物饲料的重要组成,是保证获得高效养殖的关键物质保障。在不同地段、不同时段适当调整牧草种植模式,一方面可以提高土地资源利用效率,另一方面可以最大限度保证全年牧草料均衡供应。因此,优良牧草种植模式的科学配置在南方牧草生产中显得尤为重要。结合牧草生产实际情况,就不同地段与不同时段的牧草种植模式进行分析,为不同区域推广牧草种植模式,以及南方牧草产业结构的调整提供新思路。进一步介绍了热带、亚热带主要的优良牧草品种,对其优良的生长特性以及种植特点进行了概述,同时结合相关研究,对其生长性能以及营养价值进行评价,为牧草种植模式调整提供参考。在我国华南地区,禾本科牧草应采用单一种植模式,结合牧草-早稻-晚稻进行草田轮作,而豆科牧草则应采用果(林)草间作模式以最大限度地节约土地。

As an important component of feed for herbivores,forage is the key material guarantee to obtain high-efficient breeding.Combined land location with cultivation time,an appropriate adjustment of the planting pattern of forage is helpful to improve the utilization efficiency of land resources.On the other hand,it can provide maximum guarantee to balance the forage supply all year round.Therefore,scientific configuration of an appropriate planting pattern is particularly important in forage production in South China.Combined with the practical situation of forage production,the forage planting patterns in different locations and different periods are analyzed,providing new ideas for the promotion of forage planting patterns in different regions and the adjustment of forage industrial structure in South China.The main superior forage varieties in the tropic and subtropic regions are further introduced,and their excellent growth characteristics and planting characteristics are summarized.At the same time,combined with relevant researches,the growth performance and nutritional value are evaluated to provide references for the adjustment of forage planting mode.In South China,gramineous grass should be planted in a single mode in combination with the rotation of forage-early rice-late rice,while leguminous forage should be planted in an intercropping mode of fruit(forest)and grass to maximize land conservation.