论日本非遗传承团体的法律制度及对我国的启示

On the Legal System of Japan′s Group Inheritors of Intangible Cultural Heritage and Its Enlightenment to China

非物质文化遗产是人类共同的宝贵财富。我国在非物质文化遗产传承团体保护制度方面还存在传承项目挖掘缺乏深度、传承主体模糊、传承活动缺位法律等问题。日本无形文化遗产的传承保护起步较早,其传承团体法律制度的建立健全对我国有重要启示。我国应当认可非物质文化遗产传承团体法律主体地位,将其作为非物质文化遗产项目补助对象,并明确其作为团体组织的权利与义务。

Intangible Cultural Heritage is the common treasure of mankind.But there are still some problems in the protection system of intangible cultural heritage in China,such as the lack of depth in the excavation of the inheritance,the ambiguity of the inheritance subject and the absence of law in the inheritance activities.Japan′s inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritage started early,and the establishment and consummate of the legal subject system of its group inheritors has important enlightenment for our country.China should recognize the group inheritors as a legal entity of the Law on Protection of intangible cultural heritage,make it as an object of intangible cultural heritage projects′subsidy,and clarify its rights and obligations as a group inheritor.