略论敦煌俗赋人物形象塑造

On the Character Shaping of Dunhuang Folk Fu Poems

敦煌俗赋具备高度的文学性,在敦煌俗赋中塑造了各式各样的人物形象。目前学界对敦煌俗赋人物形象塑造研究成果有限。通过梳理敦煌俗赋中的人物形象可知,敦煌俗赋塑造人物形象主要通过言语描写、肖像描写及动作描写塑造人物的立体形象,其中言语描写具有突出人物性格及推进故事情节发展的功能,同时人物言语风格质俗;肖像描写运用夸张性描写及写实性描写;动作描写通过典型动作展现典型人物性格及对比反差塑造人物。这三种技法的交叉使用,在敦煌俗赋中塑造了众多典型人物,并对后世文学产生一定影响。

Dunhuang folk Fu poems have a high degree of literariness,and they portray a variety of characters.However,at present,the academic circles have limited research results on the characterization of Dunhuang folk Fu poems.By sorting out the characters in those poems,we can see that they mainly portray three-dimensional characters through verbal description,portrait description and action description,in which verbal description has the function of highlighting characters′personality and promoting the development of story plots,while the characters′verbal style is simple and unadorned;exaggeration and realistic description are used in portrait description;action description shows typical character′s personality through typical movement,and shapes the characters by contrast.The cross-use of these three techniques had created many typical characters in Dunhuang vulgar Fu poems and influenced later literature.