基于高速铁路声环境影响后评价的若干管理建议——以北京至天津城际铁路客运专线为例

Some Management Suggestions Based on Post-evaluation of Acoustic Environmental Impact of High-speed Railway--Taking Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway Passenger Dedicated Line as an Example

目前,我国缺乏高速铁路相关噪声评价和管理标准,在噪声管理过程中存在一定困难。基于此,文章研究分析了我国铁路噪声相关标准、管理现状以及高速铁路自身特点,并以北京至天津城际铁路客运专线为例,对该线路进行了噪声环境影响后评价。结果表明,最大声级Lmax是高铁对居民产生最大影响的主要噪声指标;高速铁路噪声随距离衰减特征并不明显;高速铁路两侧60 m附近测点噪声值偏高。在此基础上,提出了相关声环境管理建议:健全现有声环境标准规范体系,将高速列车通过时间的Leq(td)和Lp(max)作为评价量,并在标准限值上考虑一定距离内如60 m内的最大控制值。

At present,China lacks the relevant noise evaluation and management standards for high-speed railways,and there are some difficulties to manage the noise during this process.Therefore,the railway noise related standards,the management status and the high-speed railway characteristics in China were analyzed.And the Beijing-Tianjin intercity railway passenger line was taken as an example,the noise environmental impact was post-evaluated.The results showed that the noise index with the greatest impact on the residents was the maximum sound level(Lmax).The noise attenuation characteristics were not obvious with the distance.The noise value measured in the points at 60 meters on both sides of the railway was higher.Then,based on the post-evaluation results,relevant noise environmental management suggestions were proposed,including perfecting the existing acoustic environmental standards and specifications in China,taking the high-speed train transit time Leq(td)and Lp(max)as the evaluation quantity,and considering the maximum control value of the standard limit within a certain distance,such as 60 meters.