多种营养素强化饮料、膳食纤维饮料对健康影响的定性循证研究

A Qualitative Evidence-based Study on Health Effects of Multiple-Micronutrient Fortified Beverage and Beverages Containing Dietary Fiber

目的:检索国内外相关文献,综合分析多种营养素强化饮料、膳食纤维饮料与健康的关系。方法:在PubMed、Embase、Medline、Cochrane、中国生物医学文献服务系统、万方数据知识服务平台和中国知网等7个数据库检索自1998年1月—2019年6月国内外公开发表的相关研究文献,纳入以人为研究对象的研究,排除重复、不完整、无法获得全文的文献等,语种限定为中文和英文。结果:本次检索到文献3913篇,共纳入9篇作为本次研究的主要证据。多种营养素(维生素、矿物质)强化的饮料对儿童和孕妇进行干预后,血红蛋白水平升高了(2.76~8.6g/L),血清铁蛋白水平升高了(15.42pmol/L^0.25μmol/L),贫血率下降了(42%~51%)。膳食纤维饮料与肠道健康之间的关系尚不明确,一项研究结果显示,饮用膳食纤维饮料能显著增加双歧杆菌群和乳酸菌群,但显著降低梭菌数量;另一项研究却发现,饮用膳食纤维饮料后各种菌群均无显著性差异。食用膳食纤维的食品或饮料可以使BMI降低0.84kg/m2,体重降低2.52kg,体脂降低0.41%,还可以降低食欲。膳食纤维食品/饮料的干预,可以使空腹血糖降低0.17mmol/L,空腹胰岛素降低15.88pmol/L;在早餐后、午餐后和整个测试期间,葡萄糖反应分别降低了53%、17%和34%;胰岛素应答分别降低了78%、11%和22%。结论:饮用多种营养素强化饮料可以减少儿童、孕妇的贫血率,饮用含膳食纤维的饮料可以帮助控制体重和血糖水平,但是含膳食纤维的饮料与肠道健康之间的关系尚需进一步研究。

【Objective】This paper intends to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the impact of micronutrient fortified beverage and beverages containing dietary fiber on health by searching relevant literature at home and abroad.【Method】Searching relevant literature published on PubMed,Embase,Medline,Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine disc,WanfangData and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 1998 to June 2019.Human-based studies were included,repetitive and incomplete papers were excluded.The languages were limited to Chinese and English.【Result】Totally 9 articles were included as the main evidence of this study.After the intervention of multiple-micronutrient fortified beverage on children and pregnant women,the hemoglobin level increased by 2.76g/L^8.6g/L,the serum ferrin level increased by 15.42pmol/L^0.25μmol/L,and the anemia rate decreased by 42%~51%.The relationship between beverages containing dietary fiber and intestinal health was unclear.One study showed that drinking dietary fiber beverages significantly increased the bifidobacteria and lactobacillus communities,but significantly reduced the number of clostridium bacteria.However,another study found no significant difference in the microbiota after consumption of fiber drinks.Dietary fiber foods and beverages could reduce BMI by 0.84kg/m2,body weight by 2.52kg,body fat by 0.41%,and reduce appetite as well.The intervention of dietary fiber food/beverage could reduce fasting glucose by 0.17mmol/L and fasting insulin by 15.88pmol/L,glucose responses were reduced by 53%after breakfast,17%after lunch and 34%throughout the test period,insulin responses were reduced by 78%,11%,and 22%,respectively.【Conclusion】Multiple-micronutrient fortified beverage can reduce anemia in children and pregnant women,and beverages containing dietary fiber can help control body weight and blood sugar levels.However,the relationship between beverages containing dietary fiber and intestinal health needs further study.