基于昆南地区医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理能力及相关因素分析

Self-management ability of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by medical and nursing combination model and the related factors in Kunnan

目的调查昆南地区医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理能力及相关影响因素。方法以昆南地区为单位,采用便利抽样调查,抽取昆南地区医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,内容涉及不同特征人群的一般人口学资料及疾病管理情况,并通过多因素logistic回归分析影响医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的因素。结果本研究共收回198份有效问卷,研究对象自我管理能力总得分为(81.6±10.06)分,得分指标为80.4%;自我管理能力处于高水平者共113例,占57.1%;各维度依照得分指标由高到低为:态度维度(得分指标88.4%)、知识维度(得分指标82.1%)、行为维度(得分指标77.1%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄>70岁(OR=7.498)、小学及以下文化程度(OR=2.348)、亲人看望频率1月以上(OR=4.440)、无配偶(OR=8.493)是影响医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的因素。结论医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理能力较强。影响医养联合下老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的因素较多,需特别留意无配偶及年龄过大的患者,加强支持,防治疾病的进一步发展与迁延。

Objective To investigate self-management ability of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by medical and nursing combination model and the related factors in Kunnan.Methods The elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by the medical and nursing combination model in Kunnan took questionnaire investigation by convenient sampling survey.The content of the questionnaire involved the general demographic data and disease management of peoples with different characteristics.The factors influencing the patients’self-management ability were analyzed by multi-factor logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 198 valid questionnaires were collected.The total score of the research objects’selfmanagement ability was(81.6±10.06)points,and the scoring index was 80.4%.113 cases had a high level of self-management ability,accounting for 57.1%.The dimensions from high to low in score index were as below:attitude dimension(88.4%),knowledge dimension(82.1%),and behavior dimension(77.1%).Multiariable logistic regression analysis showed that age>70(OR=7.498),education level of primary school or below(OR=2.348),frequency of relative visit less than once per month(OR=4.440),and no spouse(OR=8.493)were the factors affecting the patients’self-management ability.Conclusion Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by medical and nursing combination model have strong self-management ability.There are many factors affecting their self-management ability,and we should pay special attention to the patients without spouse and over-age and strengthen the support,so as to prevent the disease’s further development and extension.