3Wang Y, Ko BC, Yang JY, et al. Transgenic mice expressing dominant-negative osmotic-response element-binding protein (OREBP) in lens exhibit fiber cell elongation defect associated with increased DNA breaks. J Biol Chem 2005 ;280(20) : 19986-19991.
4Burg MB, Kwon ED, Kultz D. Regulation of gene expression by hypertonicity. Annu Rev Physiol 1997 ;59 : 437-455.
5Warskulat U, Zhang F, Haussinger D. Tanrine is an osmolyte in rat liver maerophages (Kupffer cells). J Hepatol 1997 ;26(6) : 1340-1347.
6Lee SD, Choi SY, Lira SW, et al. TonEBP stimulates multiple cellular pathways for adaptation to hypertonic stress : organic osmolyte-dependent and -independent pathways. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011 ;300(3) : F707-F715.
7Zhang F, Warskulat U, Wettstein M, et al. Identification of betaine as an osmolyte in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells). Gastroenterology 1996;110(5) : 1543-1552.
8Haussinger D, Laubenberger J, Vom DS, et al. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies on human brain myo-inositol in hypo- osmolarity and hepatic encephalopathy. Gastroenterology 1994 ; 107 ( 5 ) : 1475-1480.
9Denkert C, Warskulat U, Hensel F, et al. Osmolyte strategy in human monocytes and maerophages: involvement of p38MAPK in hypemsmotic induction of betaine and myoinositol transporters. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998; 354(1) : 172-180.
10Arsenijevic T, Vujovic A, Libert F, et al. Hyperosmotic stress induces cell cycle arrest in retinal pigmented epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e662.
