广州大学生寻常痤疮流行病学调查及治疗现状研究

The epidemiology of adolescent acne among college students in Guangzhou

目的了解广州在校大学生寻常痤疮患者的疾病特征、治疗情况及危险因素。方法于2018年8—9月,以班为单位进行随机分层整群抽样,对广州地区全日制本科(一至四年级)学生进行痤疮流行病学问卷调查。结果共纳入737名受访者,年龄(19.64±1.49)岁,其中男性255例,女性482例,患痤疮者601例,患病率为81.55%。logistics回归分析提示,油性皮肤(OR=4.61,95%CI:2.72-7.78,P<0.001)、混合性皮肤(OR=2.71,95%CI:1.74-4.22,P<0.001)以及一级遗传史(OR=2.07,95%CI:1.31-3.28,P=0.002)是痤疮发生的危险因素。在痤疮患者中严重程度为I度者374例(63.18%),II度163例(27.53%),III度48例(8.11%),IV度7例(1.18%)。76.86%的患者认为痤疮对生活产生负面影响。在中重度痤疮人群中,仅12.84%去医院或者正规医疗美容机构治疗。结论油性皮肤、混合性皮肤及一级遗传史是广州地区大学生痤疮患病的危险因素。大学生痤疮患病率高,治疗率很低,广泛开展痤疮健康教育很有必要。

Objective To investigate the characteristics,treatment status,and risk factors of acne patients in college students in Guangzhou.Method From August 2018 to September 2018,an epidemiological survey on acne was conducted among full-time undergraduates in Guangzhou by the stratified cluster random sampling.Results There were 601 people with acne,with the prevalence rate of 81.55%.The logistics regression analysis results indicated that oily skin(OR=4.61,95%CI 2.72-7.78;P<0.001),mixed skin(OR=2.71,95%CI 1.74-4.22;P<0.001),and first-level genetic history(OR=2.07,95%CI 1.31-3.28;P=0.002)were risk factors for acne.Stratified by severity,there were 374 cases of Grade I(63.18%),163 cases of Grade II(27.53%),48 cases of Grade III(8.11%),and 7 cases of Grade IV(1.18%).76.86%of patients believed that acne had a negative impact on life.Among people with moderate to severe acne,only 12.84%were treated in hospitals or formal medical cosmetic institutions.Conclusion Oily skin,mixed skin,and first-level genetic history are risk factors for acne in college students in Guangzhou.College students have a high prevalence of acne and a low treatment rate.It is necessary to carry out health education for acne.