免疫编辑诱导的免疫治疗耐药

Immunoediting-induced Immunotherapy Resistance

近年来,免疫治疗在多种恶性肿瘤治疗中取得突破性进展,为肿瘤患者带来明显生存获益。然而,免疫系统在识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时,出现免疫编辑诱导,导致大多数患者对免疫治疗具有先天或后天的耐药性。肿瘤免疫编辑是免疫系统抑制或促进肿瘤发生发展的过程,肿瘤的发生发展经历了免疫消除、免疫平衡和免疫逃逸三个阶段。在整个过程中,肿瘤的免疫原性被编辑,并获得使疾病进展的各种免疫抑制机制,致使肿瘤细胞逃避免疫系统的监测,导致肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸产生耐药。因此,揭示肿瘤免疫治疗耐药机制及克服耐药至关重要。本文主要从肿瘤免疫编辑过程背后的机制对肿瘤免疫治疗耐药作一具体阐述,为临床中克服免疫耐药取得更好疗效提供参考。

In recent years,immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in the treatment of multiple malignancies,which has brought significant survival benefits to cancer patients.However,while the immune system recognizes and kills tumor cells,there is immune editing induction,which leads to the innate or acquired resistance of most patients to immunotherapy.Tumor immunological editing is a process in which the immune system inhibits and promotes the development of tumors.The occurrence and development of tumors have gone through three phases:immune elimination,immune balance and immune escape.In the whole process,the immunogenicity of tumor has been edited,and various immunosuppressive mechanisms have been obtained to make the disease progress,which made tumor cells escape from the monitoring of the immune system,leading to the immune escape of tumor cells producing immunotherapy resistance.Therefore,it is important to reveal the mechanism of tumor immunotherapy resistance and how to overcome resistance.In this paper,the mechanism behind the editing process of tumor immunity is discussed in detail to provide references for overcoming immune resistance in clinical practice and achieving better efficacy.