长三角城市生态效率的地区差异与空间收敛

Regional Differences and Spatial Convergence of Urban Ecological Efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta

文章将长三角地区划分为五大生态区,在利用熵值法和DEA方法测度2005-2018年长三角地区41个城市生态效率的基础上,使用Dagum基尼系数方法测度生态效率的地区差异,并借助变异系数法和空间杜宾模型,检验其收敛特征。研究结果表明:长三角地区整体生态效率水平较低,五大生态区之间存在一定差距;长三角地区整体基尼系数呈现波动下降的趋势,区域间差异和超变密度对地区差异的贡献率较高,而区域内差异的贡献率较低;长三角地区整体以及西部和南部生态区具有σ收敛特征,长三角地区生态效率存在显著的β收敛特征,五大生态区存在显著的俱乐部收敛特征,同时生态效率具有明显的空间溢出效应。据此,长三角区域一体化进程中应努力缩小区域内生态效率差距,以一体化思维解决生态治理难题,通过产业一体化带动生态环境一体化。

The entropy method and DEA method are used to measure the ecological efficiency of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2005 to 2018.The Yangtze River Delta is divided into five ecological regions.Dagum Gini coefficient method is used to measure the regional differences of ecological efficiency.Variation coefficient method and space Durbin model are used to test the convergence mechanisms.The results show that the overall ecological efficiency level of the Yangtze River Delta region is low,and there are some gaps among the five ecological regions;the Gini coefficient of the Yangtze River Delta region shows a downward trend of fluctuation,and the contribution rate of regional differences and su⁃per-variable density to overall differences is higher,while the contribution rate of differences within regions is lower;the Yangtze River Delta,as well as the western and southern ecological regions,has the characteristics ofσconvergence.The Yangtze River Delta and the five ecological regions have characteristics ofβconvergence,and the eco-efficiency has ob⁃vious spatial spillover effect.Therefore,the efforts should be made to narrow the gap of ecological efficiency in the re⁃gions,solve the ecological governance problems by integrating thinking,and give full play to the energy conservation and emission reduction effect of industrial agglomeration.