我国农村职业教育发展的现实困境与实践调适

The Dilemma and Adaptation of the Development of Rural Vocational Education in China

在乡村振兴战略背景下,发展农村职业教育是最有效的乡村脱贫手段,也是农村产业就业结构升级与经济转型增长的动力之源,更是我国城镇化建设的重要推力。我国农村职业教育面临生源的萎缩、“普教化”趋向导致的发展动力消退以及教育功能衰退等现实困境。面对这些困境,需要按照乡村振兴的要求重新定位农村职业教育的人才培养目标;充分结合“三农”实际改革和创新农村职业教育模式;强化政府在农村职业教育发展中的主体责任。

In the context of the Rural Vitalization Strategy,developing rural vocational education is the most effective way to alleviate poverty in rural areas.It is also the driver of upgrading rural industrial employment structure and of economic transformation and growth,as well as an important push for the construction of urbanization in China.The rural vocational education in China is confronted with many predicaments,such as the decline of students'quantity,the fading of development forces caused by the trend of"Be Similiar to Ordinary Education"and the recession of educational functions.To resolve the predicaments,we need to reposition the goal of cultivating talents by rural vocational education in accordance with the requirements of Rural Revitalization,fully integrate the practical reform of"Three⁃Agriculture"and innovate rural vocational education model,and strengthen the main responsibility of the government in the development of rural vocational education.